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The term fairy is peculiar to the English language and to English folklore, reflecting the conflation of Germanic, Celtic and Romance folklore and legend since the Middle English period (it is a Romance word which has been given the associations of ''fair'' by folk etymology secondarily). Nevertheless, "fairy" has come to be used as a kind of umbrella term in folklore studies, grouping comparable types of supernatural creatures since at least the 1970s.〔Katharine Mary Briggs, ''An Encyclopedia of Fairies'' (Pantheon Books, 1976) p. xi. ISBN 0-394-73467-X〕 The following list is a collection of individual traditions which have been grouped under the "fairy" moniker in the citation given. ;European folklore (and European colonies in the New World) *Nymphs are female nature spirits from Greek mythology. Satyrs are their male counterparts. *The Aos Sí or ''sídhe'' are a powerful, supernatural race in Irish mythology. * Elves are a supernatural race from Germanic mythology. *The Erlking is a malevolent creature that is said to lure children away from safety and kill them. *Cajun Fairies (The ''Feufollet'' in French) are an American legend that emerged along the bayou as early as the 1920s with a light (a ball of fire) that shot out into the sky, likely derived from the same natural phenomena as the will o' the wisp. The lights were known as fairies, spirits and sometimes the ghosts of loved ones. *Zână (plural Zane) is the Romanian equivalent of the Greek Charites. These characters make positive appearances in fairy tales and reside mostly in the woods. They can also be considered the Romanian equivalent of fairies. *The duende refers to a fairy- or goblin-like mythological character. While its nature varies throughout Spain, Portugal, the Philippines, and Latin America, in many cases its closest equivalents known in the Anglophone world are the Irish leprechaun and the Scottish brownie. *Encantado, in Brazilian Portuguese, are creatures who come from a paradisaical underwater realm called the Encante. It may refer to spirit beings or shape shifting snakes, or most often to dolphins with the ability to turn into humans. *Slavic fairies come in several forms and their names are spelled differently based on the specific language. *Tylwyth Teg or Bendith y Mamau is the traditional name for fairies or fairy-like creatures of the Otherworld in Welsh folklore and mythology. *The Xana is a character found in Asturian mythology. ;Asia *Mogwai are, according to Chinese tradition, a breed of fairy-folk that possess superpowers, which they often use to inflict harm on humans. * In Malays, 'pari-pari' (Malaysian) or 'peri' (Indonesian) are often looked as motherly figure helpful creatures who will help those who have good heart. Malay Fairys also love any fruit and like nature. *Peris, found in Persian mythology, are descended from spirits who have been denied paradise until they have done penance. *Tien are heavenly beings variously translated as Immortals, Spirits, Angels and Fairies in Vietnamese folklore. *Yaksha are creatures often with dual personalities, found in Hindu and Buddhist mythology. On the one hand, a Yaksha may be an inoffensive nature-fairy, associated with woods and mountains; but there is a much darker version of the Yaksha, which is a kind of cannibalistic ogre, ghost or demon that haunts the wilderness and waylays and devours travelers. ;Africa *The Aziza are a beneficent fairy race from Africa, specifically Dahomey. ;New World *An alux is a type of sprite or spirit in the mythological tradition of certain Maya peoples from the Yucatán Peninsula. *Chaneques are small elf or pixie like beings in the south to southeast of Mexico, especially Veracruz and parts of Oaxaca. From the Nahuatl 'ohuican chaneque' meaning 'those who dwell in dangerous places' they seem to have originally been guardian spirits of craggy mountains, woods, springs, caves, etc. Today they are usually described as having the appearance of a toddler, with the wrinkled face of a very old person. They are known for hiding things, getting people lost and sometimes throwing stones at people. 〔http://www.medicinatradicionalmexicana.unam.mx/termino.php?l=1&t=chaneque〕 *The Curupira is a male supernatural being which guards the forest in Tupi mythology. *Jogah are small spirit-folk in Iroquois mythology. ;Oceania * Menehune (pl./s.)/Menehunes (pl.): Centuries ago there was a Hawaiian legend that spoke of the Menehune. Who were a mischievous group of small people, or dwarfs, who lived hidden in the forests and valleys of the tropical islands. These creatures that walked among the forest were only about 2- 3 feet tall; some were as small as 6 inches. They enjoyed dancing, singing and archery, and their favorite foods were bananas and fish. The Menehune have been known to use magic arrows to pierce the heart of angry people, igniting feelings of love in its place. They also enjoy cliff diving, and according to local lore, they were smart, strong and excellent craftsmen. They were rarely seen by human eyes, and they are credited with mighty feats of engineering and overnight construction. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of beings referred to as fairies」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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